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Elektrosmog sources | Lowfrequent | Highfrequent 1 | 2 | 3 | Antenna policy |

Hoogfrequent 3 ........ UMTs and WLan and UWB

UMTS or Universal Mobile Terror System (*)

If you call mobile with somebody, and a fault occurs, the other person can ask you to repeat what you said, which is not difficult. So faults can be corrected.

With a UMTS mobile that is not the case. There the main business is data transfer.

Suppose, I want to transfer 100 Euro to your bank. If, when I am doing that with an UMTS mobile, accidentally thatlast survived sparrow flutters by, the following happens:
You do not receive anything, but on my bank account 1 million Euro has been withdrawn.

Data transfer is very critical, and that is why UMTS networks do need a much larger and better coverage than the normal GSM network. GSM transmitters can be placed far away from each other.
In Germany the UMTS transmitters are placed every 300 meter.
It seems that 400-700 meter is a norm.

In the Netherlands the general rule is every 400 meter.

So every 400 meter a UMTS transmitter! Imagine that.

But the placement is also dependant on surrounding buildings. In the countryside the transmitters will be standing farther apart, but in the cities closer. It happens that they are placed there every 300 meter.
Well, not everything has been studied seriously. See the example at Antenna policy .

Vodafone announced that part of its network is running. KPN did follow that. The coverage is about 30 %, as they claim. Even UMTS mobiles are available now.

New is the announcement from Germany via heise.de about E-Plus and UHS.
Normally UMTS antennas do have a range of about a few hundreds metres.

For a city of 100.000 inhabitants a number of 14 UMTS basisstations would be needed.
E-Plus, a german subsidiary of KPN, has a new technique introduced, on which they registered patents.
It is about UHS, Ultra High Sites. For this, very high places can be used, like more than 100 meter high TV- of industrytowers. With that severeal bundled UMTS antennas cover a large surrounding as a screen.
The transmitter range amounts in a city two to four kilometer; in satellite towns four to six kilometer.
On the 234 meter high Rheintower in Dusseldorf one UHS could replace a 40 normal transmitters. The occupation was planned for 1 october 2004.
E-Plus wants to erect befor the end of 2004 ca. 200 UHS, and save 1500 conventinal UMTS basestations.

Vodafone announced a part of their network running. That means, that only the organisation channel is running, because the UMTS mobiile will be available later.
In September 2007 thye dutch Staatscourant made public a penalty list for providers who do not reach a coverage of at least 98 %. According to the percentage obtained, the penalties can reach the amount of 40.000.000 Euro per QUARTER YEAR.
Agentschap Telecom will take measurements on 300 points in the country (where at least 25.000 persons are living) , of which the results will be known at the end of the first quarter of 2008.
Lawyers are already in the starting blocks, because the providers will pass on those penalties to the municipalities, who refused the building of transmitter masts.

The speed of UMTS mobiles is at most 1 MB/s; when you are moving this drops to 378 KB/s.
Vodafone UMTS mobiles of Samsung are available. They cost 990 Euro without subscription; with subscription of 60 minutes 550 Euro and with 240 minutes 199 Euro. Than other costst must be added for SMS and Live! TV.
The mobile has an adjustable small camera on it, and you can see yourself moving. The image looks like a lowcost webcam, bad and shaky.
In the Vodafone shop Live! TV could not be shown, because the whole Vodafone network was out!
Anyway, one may follow the news on CNN, the weather forecast or the share prices.
All in all an expensive adventure.
An ordinary mobile with GPRS does a lot of what UMTS offers.
For certain things, UMTS mobiles go over in GPRS.
The mentioned *Killer Applications* are non-existant.

Wi-Fi can offer 44 MB/s. And is a lot cheaper. In installation and use.

Business circles are not waiting for UMTS. And the providers do know that also.
Telfort is the only clever one. They offer their license for sale.
In Germany they do not talk about UMTS anymore, but name it multimedia telephony.
(*) Dr. Lebrecht von Klitzing names UMTS : Universal Mobile Terror System.

The users of Mobiles

The use of mobiles is devided according to www.Gigaherz.ch as follows:
- Eemergencies, which would justify a mobile, are at only ca. 1% of all connections.
- In only ca. 10 % a mobile is used by the business circles.
- Ca. 30 % is used by the blabla of adults.
- But 60% serves as toys for children and teenagers (chatter and SMS).

Children form thus the greatest market share of mobile telephony!
Their pocket money goes up all in the phone bills; not anymore to other things.
Many children are indebtet eneormously. That promises something for when they are grown-up.

In Germany 12 % of the children between 13 and 24 years of age have an average debt of 1800 Euro, but it should be mentioned, that not only the mobiles take this blame, but also the purchases via internet. (Source: Bundesverbandes Deutscher Inkasso-Unternehmen, the BDIU)

Also the"Bundesverband Deutscher Banken" (BdB) mentions same figures, just like the Schufa: 14 percent of the 14- to 24-year admitted, to have made more debts than they could ever repay.

Wi-Fi and WLan 802.11g and b

UMTS has a speed of 1 MB/s.But when one is inside a drivinf vehicle, that speedslowers dramatically.
Wi-Fi can do 44 MB/s. And is much cheaper. In construction as well as in use.

It is planned to install Wi-Fi also inside trains.
But recent tests in Switserland by the SBB showed, that even WLan in driving vehicles do obtain a speed which is too low.
Tests in Germany, England and Sweden have shown that UMTS is clearly slower than the 2 MegaBit per sekonde of fixed WLAN connections.
The Thalys between Brussels and Paris is using a satellite connection from the company 21Net. Disadvantage is that the sending out of the train is not going by satellite, but by telecom networks.
(Bron: HandelsZeitung; 02.11.2005; Seite 5; Nummer 44)

Wi-Fi can reach much higher speeds, but has also a negative impact on our health.
Wireless conneting of several computer elements (WLan) is is of course a nice feature because most cables around are not needed anymore But WLan or Wi-Fi is also pulsed, and the signals cause much elektrosmog. An example: A Notebook on your lap and wireless on the internet.
The contact with the body is direct: 100.000 uW/m2.
And such in the vicinity of prostate, testicles, intestines, overies, womb, bladder.There is obviously no end in the pollution with microwaves over the air.

Below some german reports about WLan.

Rapport Virnich.pdf | summary of a number of cases

Bremen.pdf | report university Bremen

Nieuwe Ecologstudie WLan | new study about Wlan by the Ecolog Institute

Bericht Maes.pdf | summary of a number of cases

This report by Maes on Wlan closes with Wimax, the successor of WLan.
And Wimax will be succeeded by TeraHertz, still better, still faster, still higher frequencies and still more radiation.
Pulsed?
Of course.

Siemens succeeded in reaching a new milestone.
They reached a speed of 360 Megabit per second. That is a hundred times faster than the fastest e DSL connection.
With that the range was als raised, because they used a new technique called OFDM and a multi-hop system, which work with special wireless basestations.
One uses a carrierwave of 5 GHz. The bandwith of 100 MHz was devided in 256 close to each other lying carrierfrequencies, which do not interfere with each other.
This Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) protects the signals against interferences like echos, which can occur by reflections from buildings.
OFDM is, although longer known, still new to the mobile phones; it is used already bij Wireless LAN or the digital television (DVB) and radio (DAB) .
It will take a number of years before it will be used in the mobile phones.

In the USA another new communicationsystem is in use, which works on short distances. It runs with 100 MB/s over a distance of maximum 1000m.
The modulationtype is QPSK; not known whether it is pulsed or not. Directional as well as omni-directional antennas are used, mostly for use inside buildings.
The frequencyspectrum lies at 40 to 90 GHz.
This system is called Sencity Link and is sold by the company Huber + Suhner.

Another news item is , that an EU commission has decided to lay down the frequency around 24 GHz for short range radar for automobiles.
The consortium SARA (Short Range Automotive Radar Frequency Allocation), an organisation of automotive manufacturors and supply companies, will be allowed to market as of 1 juli cars on the european market with Fahrerassistenzsystemen (FAS) in order to prevent collisions.

bron: heise-online 19-01-2005

Digitenne or digital television DVB-T

To the ether polluters now also Digitenne has been added.In the past, televison signals were plucked from the air with an antenna on the roof. The catched signals were then transported to the living room by means of a cable.
With Digitenne a small antenna must be placed on top of the television set , thus inside the living room. Because the sugnals are digital, a special digital receiver is necessary, in order to transform the digital signals into analogue ones, because our television sets are still analogue.

It may be obvious, that the Digitenne signals must be stronger than those of analogue TV transmitters, because they must penetrate into the houses.

Digitenne writes on their website:
A number of surrounding factors can influence the reception, like stained-glass windows, glass with metal insulation layer, closed metal venetian blinds, reinforced concrete walls, mobile phones, elektronical household appliances, and passing tramways, mopeds and lorries.

In reverse, if mobile phones and elektronical household appliances can interrupt the Digitenne signals, these Digitenne signals can also disturb and hinder mobile phones and elektronical household appliances.
UPC may join in the conversation, because a number of broadcasting stations on their cable-TV are already disturbed by Digitenne, and the UPC mechanics are making overtime.

It may be clear, that if ordinary elektronic appliances may experience interference from this, that the most complex instrument, the human body, also will experience interference and trouble.

Concerning the *excellent information* see the following:
Digitenne has a website, but without any technical information. When you ask for the used frequencies they promise to e-mail them, but of course nothing received.
Next we looked at Nozema, the official authority for infrastructure of radio and television. They also have a website, and give a little bit more information.
For a city like Rotterdam the channels 21, 41, 49, 52, 57 and 64 should be used for DVB-T. We would like to know what frequencies correspond with those. For the channels 21, 52, 57 and 64 they are mentioned, but not for the channels 41 and 49. An inquiry at Nozema learns the frequency for channel 49, but channel 41 does not seem to appear on their list!
Mentioned on their own website! Channel 41 is also named in other cities.
Next we inquired for the pulsrate of the digital signals. Answer Digitenne: *Secret!*
Than back to Nozema, but they don't know.

*Such is life in the colonies!*

Read on Antenna policy

Successor of UMTS (3G) will be the new 4G

UMTS also known as 3G has a max speed of 1 MB/s, and one is busy to raise that with some tricks (HSDPA) to 2 MB/s.

Wi-Fi can do 44 MB/s (but over only short distances).

Samsung made known that they tested with 4G in Korea.
4G reached a speed of 1 GB/s.

On 17-01-2008 it was known, that Nokia in Berlijn undertook also a test with 4G.
Here the transferspeed amounted 173 MBit/s. In practice 100 MBit/s at download and 50 MBit/s at upload could be achieved.

Comparison: The fastest DSL-variant comes at the moment at 16 MBit/s. By means of glasfiber connections speeds up to 100 MBit/s should be possible, but these offerings are very limited and only possible in some german city centres.
The tests in Berlijn have shown, that for the 4G technology one can rely on the existing masts of UMTS-transmitters. The test deployment on the roof of Heinrich Hertz Institute in the centre of Berlijn was very realistic: The antenna-prototype stands in the middle of the city centre, where the available bandwidth will be shortened by many interferences.

4G will be a heavy competitor for WiMAX. The covering area is still very small and is limited to a few german large cities. The download speed is 2 MBit/s and the uploadspeed 1 MBit/s, although experts do hope that speeds of 100 MBit/s couls be obtained.
The expectations are that 4G in 2010 will succeed the present 3G .
Bron: T-Online.de 17-01-2008

Another reason why UMTS is a non starter.

WIMAX 802.16

Wimax is a lot talked about, but only a few do know what it is about.

Contrary to GSM, UMTS and WLAN, WiMAX conatins a large amount of different modulation- and eentry prodedures, which can be pulsed or not pulsed. And when they are pulsed, many different pulsefrequencies are possible. here the WiMAX-provider has a large choice in possibilities, and what he chooses depends completely on the special application. That's why for Wimax a specific pulsrate or frequency cannot be given.

Discussed is a range of 50 km (Intel), others mention 5 km, and again others of 1 km.

Frequencies are discussed at 2.650 MHz, Clearwire has their own licensed frequency of 3.500 MHz, and others speak about frequencies somewhere around 5.800 MHz.

It will be quite a puzzel to determine whether a certain signal is indeed Wimax or not.
Normally speaking, this signal would be pulsed according to COFDM.
And the frequencies from 3.410 to 3.594 MHz.
And Wimax can use a bandwith of 3.5 MHz or 7 MHz.

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